पुणे करार (१९३२)

The poona pact is an indeed a very vast topic and is impossible to explain on net।To know the full details u need to read ,there are many books written।I try to explain what happenings surrounding poona pact and a brief history.It all started in 1919.The govt of india act 1919 had granted a dual form of government (referred to as a "dyarchy"),which even included a high commisionar from india to represent india in the Great Britan and the validity was for period of 10 yrs at the end of which there would be a review.The indians thought this too complex and demanded dominion status.In view of this demand the Great Britan Govt asked for the report on political reforms in india including the caste status.The report was done only by the indians and was very biased against the dalits.The report showed that total no of untouchables in inda were only 7000.To this Ambedkar opposed bitterly.So the govt sent the (in)famous simion commision in 1927.Gandhi opposed this commision on the grounds that it contained only the britishers and would be biased!It was the same time that Gandhi started Non-coperation movemnt and most of the congress leaders were jailed.At the same time the labour party returned to power in the Great Britan.This party decided to call the representatives of all the political and social parties to stake their claim oin the dominon status.This is the first round table conference of 1930(13 nov).However most of the leaders from congress were jailed and this conference was missed only by representatives from the congress.First round table was a geat success.Every one left the in a great spirit,but since congress did not represent the outcome of the conference was considered of little importance.So second round table was called in 1931(sept 7).The Gandhi-Irwin pact facilitated gandhi representing congress at this conference.Everyone here had come with a great hopes.But Gandhi had diffrent ideas.He refused to acknowledge any other representation (including Ambedkar as the leader of the Dalits).

Ambedkar saw it immidiately what Gandhi was driving at and opposed him bitterly।What followed was a great war between these two।Gandhi whom even the Entire British govt with its power could not mellow was single handedly mellowed by B. R.Ambedkar.The muslim league and british press which initially enjoyed the discomfort of Gandhi,now began piting him.Seeing that he could not take Ambedkar logically,Gandhi resorted to cheap political tactics.Ambedkar initially wanted only reservations for the dalits.But Gandhi had a secrate meeting with the muslim league leader Jinnha and agreed to support Jinnha on his demand for seperate electorate if he supported Gandhi in his opposition for reservations to dalits.Ambedkar,who got the inside information from his trusted friends inside congress camp,over night changed his demand from reservation to seperate electorate.Now the muslim league which itself was demanding seperate electorate could not oppose Ambedkar.This left Gandhi so humiliated that he left the round table half way and returned back to India.From the attitude of Gandhi many leaders felt that the only reason why he attended the conference was to oppose Ambedkar.Anyway the sole winner of the second round table conference was Ambedkar and his new demand of seperate electorate was granted.The name is Ramsay MacDonald Communal award, whis allowed that only a Dalit can vote to a Dalit candidate.A so called upper caste person was not allowed to vote as to which candidate could represent that Dalit voes(as if the so called upper castes were eager for the betterment of the dalits).Comming back home from the conference humiliated,Gandhi did two things.He labeled Ambedkar as a traitor and he broke the Gandhi-Irwin Pact(at the cost of welfare of the congress) and started the civil disobidiance movement again.He was arrested and jailed in Pune.
In pune he used a false logic that the communal award is going to lead in division of the hindu society(I really wonder when were the brahmins and the shudras united?) and started a fast unto death in protest।What he had to offer was that Ambedkar should agree to having reservations in place of seperate electorate!!!!The very reservations that he opposed in the round table conference and had entered into secrate pact with Jinnha.Ambedkar knew why this was done.Gandhi had in his mind a clear vision.Congress would pick up some dalits and contest them in elecions.With Gandhis backing they would surely be elected over Ambedkars Candidates,coz even the so called upper caste men would be voting against Ambedkar.Ambedkar initially refused to sing the pact but latter congress men resorted to voilence.Ambedkar realised that if Gandhi died during this fast a great civil war will start resulting in a massacre of the dalits.He did not fear for his won life and had replied that even if the congress men hung him on the lamp post in front of his house he would not sign the pact.But latter for the sake of the life of the Dalits he decided to enter in an agreement which is what we know as Poona Pact in the year 1932 (sept 24).Latter on his death bed he admitted that the biggest mistake in his life was signing this pact.I think we dalits should observe this day as the black day of indian history along with the jalianwala baugh massacre.What do u think?To know what were the details of the pact plz रेफेर
http://www.ambedkar.org/impdocs/poonapact.htm